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High-Energy Rechargeable Metallic Lithium Battery at −70 °C Enabled by a Cosolvent Electrolyte

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TitleHigh-Energy Rechargeable Metallic Lithium Battery at −70 °C Enabled by a Cosolvent Electrolyte
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2019
AuthorsDong, X, Lin, Y, Li, P, Ma, Y, Huang, J, Bin, D, Wang, Y, Qi, Y, Xia, Y
JournalAngewandte Chemie International Edition
Volume58
Pagination5623-5627
Keywordsco-solvent electrolyte, high energy density, lithium-metal batteries, low temperature
Abstract

Abstract Lithium metal is an ideal anode for high-energy rechargeable batteries at low temperature, yet hindered by the electrochemical instability with the electrolyte. Concentrated electrolytes can improve the oxidative/reductive stability, but encounter high viscosity. Herein, a co-solvent formulation was designed to resolve the dilemma. By adding electrochemically “inert” dichloromethane (DCM) as a diluent in concentrated ethyl acetate (EA)-based electrolyte, the co-solvent electrolyte demonstrated a high ionic conductivity (0.6 mS cm−1), low viscosity (0.35 Pa s), and wide range of potential window (0–4.85 V) at −70 °C. Spectral characterizations and simulations show these unique properties are associated with the co-solvation structure, in which high-concentration clusters of salt in the EA solvent were surrounded by mobile DCM diluent. Overall, this novel electrolyte enabled rechargeable metallic Li battery with high energy (178 Wh kg−1) and power (2877 W kg−1) at −70 °C.

URLhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/anie.201900266
DOI10.1002/anie.201900266